Pneumatic mechanical musical instrument.



' PATBNTBD AUG. 4, 1913s. y G.P.BIIAND A l PNBUMATIC MECHANICAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION Umm Dmzsrww C. C. A s

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' No. 895,235. A v PNTENTBD-AUG. 4, 190s.- G. P.URAND.

Y PNEUMATICI MBGHANIUNL MUSICAL INS'NNUMENfL ATI E FILED DEO.26 1902. RE W `FELIU O NE ED JULY 1, 1908 QSHEETS SHEETV4. 4

E@ 4QA W HFSES @uf Ihlah nr.

No. 895,235. VPATTNTNN AUG. 4, 1903. l

Y G. T1.A BRAND. TNTUMATIG MECHANICAL MUsIcAL INSTRUMENT.

P LIcATioN FILED 1320.26 19 Immw D A f 02 n E JULY 11908 sammy-SHEET 5.- j

G. P. BRAND.

PNEUMATIKC MECHANICAL MSICL NSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED 11.10.26, 1902. 35mm-:9 JULY 1. 190s.

895,235." PATENTE) Ama/1,1903.

f* *rw GE'RGE r. BRAND, or sAiiFnANcisco,...CALIFORNIA.

- `Vdmuim'ric MnoHi/ivcfin MUSICAL -rNsrRUMnNn Speciiicetion of Letters Patent, Patented Aug. 4, 1.908.

Application sied December se, 'isoasei'si No. Alestes. Renewed my i; isos. sessi N5. 4411370.

To. all whom it mayv concern: s Be it known that I, GEORGE?. BRAND, a citizen of the United States, and a' resident of the city and county vot San VFrancisco andv State of California, have invented "newV and' useful Improvements in Pneumatic Mechanical Musical Instruments, of which the fol'- lowing is`a specification.

Myinvention relates to4 neumaticaily actuated musical instrument p syers in which two exhaust chambers ere used for the pur; 4, pose of attaining variations 1n expression,"

and is designed rimarily to give the operetor separate and direct controlof each exheust chamber and connections so that each may be used independently of the other through-- out the register.

The principle on which my invent-ion is based consists in placing the motive force o r agent that operates the power-pneumatics v directly under the control of the performer,

s I plied by the mechanism, the A performer is "able to vary-at will the degree or amount of vso in such manner that while the tracker-.board and note-sheets select and bring into action the poWer-pneuinctics by putting them in communication with the motive force supsuch motive force at or beiore the. instant it is alpplied tothe powerLpneumatic,-and With suc scope of variation that any single note or series of notes wherever located inthe regn lister. may be given, at the will of the-performer. different degrees of force or expression above or below others sounded at the same moment.

\ To such end and object, chieiiy, my inven-4 tion consists in novel construction and cornbination of pneumatically. operated keyactuating devices, two separate exhaust-pro# ducing means, sources of pneumatic power each capable of being varied in degree at will, and adapted to supply different degrees of suction or tension seperately of each other to operate the key-actuating devices, and with either of which every key-actuating device throughout the register. of the instrument is separately and independently con- -nectible, and meanscontrolled by the performer for increasing or diminishing the tension or degree of motive force sup liedby one exhausting means separately an independ- 'ently oil the tension supplied by thel other. Also, in the combination of se arate exhaust chambers and passages capab e of supplying different degrees of power one separatelyo the othert'o key-actuating devices adapted seres PATENT OFFICE l 'to be operated by pneumatic oiver, and l means controlled from a trackeroard and a.

traveling note -sheet throughout the register.

inoperative communication with either set' of exhaust chambers and passages,

and

means for controlling and varying at will the i tension or degree of exhaust in chamber .and passage.

the selected The invention also includes certain other and combination'of parts hereafter described 'i and'clsiined specifically.

In the accompanying drawings, Fi 1 is esectional elevation taken vertica y an transversely of the machine, certain parts being omitted or broken away as .on the lines 1-1end 11-1-a of Fig. 9 to more clearly' 'illustrate the invention; Fig. 2, isahoi'izom' tal section upon plane of line 2-2- Figs. 3 and 4,are horizontal sectional views illustrating, with Fig.- 2, the valve chests .be-

sol

Figs. 6, 7, and 8, are vertical sectional views,

on the lines 6-6 and 8 8 respectivel of` Fig. 4 on en enlarged scale, of the valve c iest otone pneumatic, .showing the dierent ositions of the mechanism during the uitlating- .and ydeilating of' the power the sections being-taken on different lines and showing different parts, and in Fig. 6.

neumatic;

some othe parts being in adiiierent position from whct are seen in the other views. Fig. 9 is a view partly iii-elevation and partly SNTv in section, showin thevelv'e chambers and.

the channel boar in which theexhsusters are mounted; Fig-10, is Ye. horizontalsection upon plane of line 10-10, Fig. 9; Fig.'11,i s a Fig, 9; Fivs. 12 an showing the valve which controls the in- -liiting valve; and Fig. 14, is a horizontal sec;

tion showing the automatic cut 0H valve which controls the iniatino valve; Fig. 15, is`

a sectional elevation showing the set of exsimilsr'view taken ugon plane of line 1 1-11,- 13 .are 'vertical sections hausters that are Workedby the left pedali' Fig. 16, is a front elevation of onev of the exhausters and of 'portions of 'the channel boards; Fig. 17, is a vertical section upon'an enlargedscale, taken on plane of line 17 l7- Fig. 1 1; Fig. 18, is a horizoiitalsectional view showing the relation ofthe exhaust passages 'l 110 to the eXhausters; 'Figs.`"l9 andi20, are detail views of. the tracker card.

los

y'The power pneumatic a'coi'ii'iectstliiougliiA 65.-. features 1n the construction, arrangement..

1 u, mwst:

a channel d with two chambers e, f, one of which is directly connected through a channel or conduct-ing passage g with a bellows ym while the other f is in combination through a separate channel g with the second bellows n.VV 'i f Like most of the instruments that have a single traker board duct to each powerpneumatic the striker b, is brought against the key by delating the power-pneumatic, and after the note is struck the pneumatic is inflated by admitting the atmosphere and simultaneously cutting oli communication with the exhaust.

In my present construction the powerpneumatic a, is made relatively long Aand narrow, and as long, as the depth of the case will admit, the top'v board a', being set directly against the bottom of the valve-chest, and the end of the pneumatic extending beyond the valve-chest at the rear, or that side which is nearest to the striker as much as the depth of the case will allow, so as to increase the length of the bellows. -To this end the pneumatic striker b, is connected by a bar a2,

vsecured to the bottom-board a, and a rod c,

extending from the bar to the striker in the usual manner.l

All the strikers b, are pivotally attached to a rail ZF, by stirrups or hangers b3, and the rail issup prted outsidethe case by curved arms b4, willich are pivoted at the inner ends to the sides of the case'and on these points are arranged to swing in or out of an opening in the back of the case.

The rail b2, is rigidly secured to the outer ends ofthe arms b, and is supported by them in both positions, that is when the same. parts are turned back within the case, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, or when they are set in position over the keys. To provide for moving the strikers in this man- :ner in and out of the case, the rod c co'nnecting each striker with its ower-pneurnatic is not directly attached to fille lever that forms the striker, but its upper end terminates in an enlarged head c", on which the end of the striker-lever loosely rests when the strikers set in position over the keys and all the rods c, work through apertures in a stationary guide-bar c supported b vstandards c3,that are fastened to the back of the topmost valvechest. This construction is clearly shown in Fig. 1, in which the Whole number of pneuthe upper chest, and allow eac striker to be matics required for a register of 85 notes is distributed among three valve chests.

The pneumatics'a, in onel set or row are arranged sufficiently out of vertical line With those above to give proper clearance for connecting rods of the lower chests to pass and work between the powerneumatlcs of connect-ed as nearly as' possible on the longitudinal center-line of itspoWer-pneumatic.

A In thel particularconstruction of instrusets or groups, arranged one above another,

and each having a common chest, with twoexhaust chambers e, f, separated from each other by a division-wall 35 that runs transi versely through the chest .from one end to 1 he other. All the passages e, are connected n ith one bellows ym, through the gate box 50', port' 52 into chamber 43, port 44 and channel g, and all passages f, with the other bellows n, through the channels` g", as seen in Figs. 1, 9, 10 and 11; so that any tension or degree of exhaust setup in one set. of channels and passages can be maintained and also varied either above' or below that inthe other set of channels by operating one bellows faster or slower than the other. Power to operate the bellowsv is supplied by the performer in the usual manuel" by rockingpedals s, arranged side by side; the leftpedal, or accompaniment pedal" ns I have termed it, being shown in Figs. 1 and 9; but the rightiedal, or melody-pedal, heilig cut'of in nig. 1 where the section is taken hrough the instrument between the two pedals. The right pedal is attached at s to the right bellows m, seen in Figsl 9, 16. 'Instead of connecting both bellows'to the two pedals, or to the same pedal, as .heretofore, I connect them separately to the two pedals in such manner that with the right pedal the performer works the bellows m and with lthe left pedal he works the other bellows n. The result of this arrangement is to place the two sources of tension or exhaustion under separate control of the performer enabling him to vary the conditions, or tension, in one set of channels and passages separately and independently of the conditions existing in the other set as well as to produce practically the same condition or 'degree ofutensifm in both sets of exhaust.

passages e will be increased above that existing in the other passages f: or the conditions eanbe instantly reversed and the greater tension can be shifted to the passagcfby working the left pedal more rapidly, or t-he right pedal more slowly.-

n Any change or variation in the exhaustingpower in each set of-passages `within the capacity of the exhausting-means is produced at the pleasure of the performer, without affecting or changing the conditions in the other I set of passages; and these variations are producedA and controlled lat will from time to time in either or both of the chambers e, f, in the valve-chest. Vf ith these two chambers,

the powerpneumatics g, on thesame valve-- chest `conununicate through conducting' channels 2 and d and ports controlled byseparately operated valves 7&8, herein termed the dcllating-valves, whichv are separately controlled' by a set o'fintermediate valves 12T-13, 12* 13""'the said'valvesbeincr also actuated pneulnatically and controlled me# chanically from the tracker-board k by the perforated note-sheet y through the medium of the tubes 14-14ag the tracker-board channel 15 being connected with the first set A12 of the .intermediate valves and the tracker board channel 15a being connected with the other set 12l of the intermediate valves. It will thus be understood that there are two holesl', 15a in the'tracker board for each note.

trollinc 'valves in the same chestas I have shown h rein. As seenclearly in Figs. 19 and 20 the; tracker board has two openings for each note.vv

The chest`-"-is`^l divided horizontally into three s aces, orcompartments which are herein t istinguished for pur oses of description, as the bottom space., tie middle-spacev and the to -space -.The top' and bott-om spaces are a so divided by vertical partitions extending from frontto rear into a separate compartment for every power-pneumatic in the chest, and with the topmost passage d the power-pneumatic is always in communication through a vertical passage 2, at the bottom of which is anopening 1n thetopboard a" of the pneumatic.

ln the top-plate d that covers the passage d are two apertures opening to the atmosphere and through which atmospheric pressure 1s admitted to innate the power-pneu matic a. The valves 3-33 controlling these apertures and herein termed inilatinfr-valves,

are actuated to cover and uncover the inlets by a lever 4 of the iirst order fulcrumed in a slotted block 5 on the top of the chest and connected at the forward end to a motorpneumatic 6 mounted on the top of the chest:

.The valve disks 3 and 3a are attached to the lever on opposite sides of its fulcrum 5, and as one valve seats downwardly on the opening from above, the other acts in a contrary direction; but both valves are opened valve 13W.

or closed by a sin'le movement of the lever 4. A double valve oli an o ening of large area with a relativel sma throw or movement'o the lever, and'1t' has an advantaffe over a sin le valve of'a a proper size to control ,an'inlet of equal area, e v m opening .and 1n closing with a shorter-and a more rapid throw of the lever.

Theexhaust-chambers e,f, communicate; Y with the 4same compartment d .through two 75- y ports in the top-board' of each'l passage, 'con- -trolled by a double valve composed of two valve-disks connected to the ends of a com-1 mon rocking-lever '10. A- vmotor-pneuthis construction will give matic located in the passage beneath one 30 end of the lever 10, opens the valves when, it

isinated. Thevalves 7-#8 belonginor to l the chamber e, uncover the two ports' w en the pneumatic is inflated, and close them when the pneumatic is exhausted of air; in `35 the lattermovement the lever 10 is thrown or caused-to follow the movement of the to board of the pneumatic by the reaction ofpa coiled 'sprin chamber The pneumatic 9 in the chamber e `is fixed "over an aperture 21, from which a' channel g5`\ 16 on the-bottom of the chest extends forward through -the passages-Z3 24 to the intermediatevalve 13, while the pneumatic 9 actuating the valves of the other exhaust h chamber fris connected throughv afsepa` rate aperture 19 and channels 16a with the compartment 24. isa passage allording communication between the channels 1Sa and the, compart- 105 ment", as seen clearly in Fig. 8.

In the foregoin descrlption of the powerpneumatics and t eir in ating-valves 3 and 3a, it will be seen that the said irdiating-` valves are actuated simultaneously with then()V inllating valve tol'cut ott` the atmosphere when either of the detlating valves is opened, l and again to admit the atmos here 'to the.'

20- placed between the lever and thetop card of the passage.v The ses 90 Aond set of valves 7 a, 8a are operatedinthe same manner by the pneumatic 9? in the `23a of a second intermediate passages d and 2, as soon'as t e'deflat:ing'- i valve is seated. These movements of 'the 115\ inlating-valve are effected by the pneumatic 6, which being inflated as the atmosphere is admitted to the compartment 31 through either the channel 23 or 23,\ac

cording as the valve 13, orthe valve 131,.

may be lifted, will act to closethe inlatin valve; or when the closed to the atmosp 1ere and opened to the exhaust-passage 25, which is common to all the sets of valves 13 and 13a in the valve-`125 chest, the. pneumatic Q will collapse and onen the passageA d, t\the atmosphere. T e two ports that open from` the separate passages 23-233 into the' Compartment- 31 are controlled by a rockingevalxve ,33,

assage 23 (or 231) is formed of a flap that :operates to cover port when the other port is in service and `thereby prevent the air that may be passing into the com artment 31` through one porti.

from passing )ack through the other passage instead of inliating the motor pneumatic 6. A controlling valve oll some kind is necessary at these ports -for the reason that the compartment 31 is common to the passages 23,

.23a of the two intermediate valves 13, 13a belonging to. the saine power-pneumatic.

The two intermediate valves 13, 13?" separately vcontrol the communication of their respective pneumatics 9," 9*l with the atmosphere, or with an exhaust compartment 25. As the two valves 13, '13 are identical in construction and o )eration the following description of one wil answer for the other; The valve 13 has two valve-disks fast on a. common stem, the lower end of O which-rests on amotor-pneumatic 22 in- .bottom of the chest.

lifted; or,'b`y contrary movement, thevalve closes the channel 23 to the atmosphere and opens it to the exhaust 25. These movements of thelvalv'e 13 are effected neumatically from the tracker-board and t e traveling note-sheet, through a primary valve 12' operated b v a diaphragm pneumatic 28, the arrangement and operation of which are too well known to require a detailed description.

In the present construction the motorpneumatic 22' operating the intermediatevalvey 1 3 is inated and deiated through the action of one primary-valve 12, the operating diaphra 23 of which is inflated when the trackeroard duct to which it is connected by the conductor 11 is uncovered by the notesheet, and it is in a state-of collapse'at all other-times by being. connected with an exhaust-channel 3 through a passage 29 in the lower part of the valve-chest. The valve 1.2 has two disks faston asingle stem, the upper disk controlling a. ort in'the top-board of a channel 2 with w ichthe compartment 26 under the pneumatic 22 of the princi al valve 13 is always in communicationw e the remaining disk of therst mentioned valve controls a port in the floory of. the channel 27, and through which the channel communicates with an exhaust-compartment 30, as

one i The valves 12 and 13 stand normally away "from, the exhaust ports and close the atmosphere-inlets, and consequently the pneumatics 9 andv 22 are cut off from the atmosphere' and are connected with their respectiveexhaustinU-compartments 25-30, and will remain colla sed untilfthe secondary-valve 12 fr' is`\`actuate by exhausting the air from be- 1i neath its operating diaphragm and the cha-rr-Y mosphere. Every-power pneumatic a, is thus su plied with air through the ports controlled y the 1 inflating valve 3 3a and is'put in communichambers le, f, according as the valve 7-8-,

or the valve'-S,a is opened by inflating the pneumatic 9, as seen in Fig. 6, or vthe other pneumatic 9a,as seen in Fig. 8. In the one case, the .power-pneiunatic d will be deiated with a rapidityof motion proportionate to the tension in the chamber c, which I term then1elodyside, and' in the other case the same power-pneumatic will be deflated from niment-'side" of the chest. Every ower- .pneumatic-in the chest has one" in ating-p` valve, or set of inating valves; but is pro-f4 vided with two deflatinG-valves or -sets of de is operated by a singlepneumatic motor 6 as' ently operated from the trackercard through two tubular conductors 14 and 14, 100 -one connecting a pocket* 'under the diaphragm 28` with a duct 15 in the trackercard andthe other conductor 14 connect-p ing a second duct,-not showin-in -theY tracker-board,with the pocket under the diaphragm 28a of the other'valve.- The at- A mosphere admitted through the trackerboard duct inflates the dia hragm 28 .as often as the duct is uncovered by the' note-sheet, and by raising the valve 12 from its seat on 110 -the upper port the atmosphere is admitted \.k

manner on the-pneumatic 22 of the iutermcdiate valve 13 admits the atmosphere to the dating-valve. The diaphravms 253-28a of the two sets of secondary vailvesv12, 12.a belonging to' every .power-pneumatic are always in communication with the suction-box 34-through a channel 29 29a under the dia- 120 phragm and a bleed-hole 34 in the bottom of the suction-box. Through this connection the pocket under the diaphragm is exhausted of. air and remains normally deiiated until' the airis admitted to it through the tracker- 12,l board duct.' Every power-pneumatic a., in this instrumentV is thus connectible with either one of the variable-exhaust .chambers Ve, j, throughseparate portsand channels,

often as the valve 12 is operated to close .theV channel 2T to the-atmosphere.-

nels23 and 27 are thereby opened to the at V75 i cation with oneor the other of the exhaust 80,

the chamber f, which I term the acc' `Inpa.- 90

Hating valves; and while t'he inflating-valve `95 before described, the deflating valves 7 and 8 "i i or 7?* and Sa'are separately and inde endto the channels 27-26, which acting iu like channel23 to operatethe motor 9 of the de- 11.-;

each controlled through a' separate duct in 13uthe tracker-board in the usual manner; but while the proper valve is selected and put'in operation to connect the power-pneumatic with one assage e, or the other passage f, by

V5 the trave ing note-sheet, the tension or de` stood by referring tothe details andA 16 where the bellows m, beine; connected with the right pedal, and the bedows 'n with the left pedal, can be worked separately with varying rates of motion by the performer, accordlng to the tension which he may de-` sire to produce ,in the two sets of pneumati passages.

The channel-board-SG, which' extends the entire width ofthe case under the lowest valve-chest, is divided by partitions running enerally longitudinally,. into a channel 37 01'A the melody-side, and a. channel 38 for the accompaniment side, -of the valve- '-chest. Passages "39e-40 running vertically u ward in the sides of the case connect the c embers e in all the valve-chests with the fcbafnel 37, and similar uprightpassages 41--42 from the ends of the other channel 38 connect the remaining exhaustchambers f, with that channel. Between these two chan- 'nels a compartment 43 'over one bellows m, communicates with that bellows through the A3.5 passage g and ort 44 seen in Figs. 9 and 11,

at one end of t e channelfboard, and with a 'second and similar com artment 45 at the other side of the. chest t e bellows n is connected by a passageigand port- 46. Under each of the compartments last mentioned is an equaliziug bellows L47 communicating with its compartmentabove through an aperture 48 in the floor of -the channe -board This bellews has the function of the well-lmown exhauster and to that end it is expanded in the usual manner by springs or weights against the eXhaustingorce or suction oth e bellows, so as to maintain a constant pull on the exhaust compartment and thereby tend 50 to overcome irregularity in Ythe power operating the bellows and insure an even tension. Vith' these two compartments ,43-45 the channels 37-38 communicate independently ofeach other through two valve boxes 50.-51 situated on the to .of' the channel-board and having slide-va ves under the control of the performer at the front of the instrument.

' J Each valve-box having two apertures on the bottom seen at 52-53 in the valve-box no' 50, and at 54-55 in. the other valve-box 51,

the apertures 52 and .B4-open into the cornartm'ent that ,communicates with the belows; .but the other apertures 53-55 o en into the channels 37 and 38. The valveox 50 on the right side of the channel-board being located over'the bellows Am, controls the communication between the com artment43 and the melody-channel 37. T e arrange-v ment at the opposite side of the channeh vment 45`over the bellows n., through the ap' erturc 46. The bellows operated by the rightfpedal thus produces an exhausted cnand in all the exhaust chambers ethat connect therewith through the -tlunks er asf sages at-the sides of the case'. And in ike manner the other bellows operated by the" throughout the compartment 45, the channel 38 and the exhaust chambers ff, in the valve-chest independentlyvof theu'st men-A tioned bellows.

of exhaust 'boxes or chambers c, f, with' y which the power-pneumatics areconnectible are also by this means'made variable at the J sets of -passages at the same time, -or to inone, without atecting or changing the conditions in the other set of passages. He is passa es. Sli es 56-.57 m the valve boxes cover'and uncover the apertures 52-54 and are con- 60-6'1 projecting at the front of the caseas a.

'fineans 'of increasing or reducing at will the area of the apertures. By 'partially closingor choking the aperture through which.

exhaust passage below and working the ellows wit i greater speed, the performer produces a sharp and heavy action of the particj ular power-pneumatic connected Awith the the slide full open..

shown in Fig. 5 that the melodychamber e and the accompaniment chamber f in every i valvechest, although` running through the register of the instrument, .are both divided by crosspartitions 62-63 shown in Fig. 3) at the middle, and that the divisions or sections of each passage are c onwiththe channel or space in the channelboard below towhich.tiie passage belongs. A The object of dividing the exhaustingpas-l' sages and the controlling valves of the owerpneumatics in this manner instead of li the exhaust chambers e, f, extend through' Y the chest from end to end7 is to allow the in- 1 strument to play music written for the pianolav and piano players of that description in" board is the same, and the accompanimentchannel 38 communicates with the. compartdition in the compartment 43,' the channel 37 75 left pedal produces a similar condition 3Q The pneumatic conditions in the two-*sets 35. A.

will of the performer; and he is enabled to' produce the same degree oftension in both'90'-,.

crease and vary the degree of tension in'either 'A able, also, to increase the tension in one, and 95 simultaneously reduce it in the other set of nected with levers 58-*59 that-have handles lool the channel 37 or 38 communicates withghef, 105.

power at that moment by simply throwing 111i It will be noticed in the construction. i

entirely-115 nected at the outerends of the valvechest 12th' aving which the tracker-board is provided with but 6' l Senasa-""rN one duct for every note in the register. Aand for that purpose each valve-box is provided with a slide64 to cover the aperture that opens into the channel beneath in and the two slides are connected by a system of lcvers 65, 66 to a common-draw-stop 67.

Closing the apertures 53.-55 in the valveboxes at the same time, which is done by drawing the stop 67, has the effect to cut oil' the channels 40-i-4'2 from the exhaust-compartments 43-45 and connect the .two com# l partinents inV a direct manner through the c valve-boxes 50, 51, with the upright passages y -By this means the two sets of delatingr valves in each valve-chest are divided between the two sources of power so that the bellows m willcontrol the power to'operate the upper notes; and the bellows n, the lower notes, while `the second set of deflatingvalves in each row situated respectively in' the section to the left of the partition 62 in the passage e, and tothe right of the partition 63 in the passage'f will be cut on' frd'm the power for the time being. The power to operate the intermediate valves 13 and 13ak is also supplied from the saine bellow`action Abut as the best results will be obtained in the operation of thisl art of the mechanism when the power to wor the intermediate valves is maintained as nearly as possible at a uni; form tension, I ha've provided separate exhaust chambers and -exhansters for these valves, and have divided the exhaust chests `horizontally by partitions 69 into n )per conipa-rtments 2), with which the trun 's or pas- A sages g, ga communicate, and lower comof the valve chests.

partincnts 1', from which a separate trunk or passage 7()c at cach side of the case leads up- Y. ward to compartments 70s-71 in the channel-board. W'ith these last-mentioned spaces the exhaust passages or channels l5-30 and 34 are connected through the uprightpassages or channels 7,2 73 73 at the ends By this means the lower sections 1 of the exhaust chests are given a more even condition of tension than would be obtained if the intermediate valves were lc onnected 'direc tly with the main source of exhaust or suction that is necessarily undeigoingc'ontinnal fluctuations and variations in tension.

The construction of the bellows-action will be more'clearly understood by referring to 'flap S6 on each side.

the details, Fig'sfl and 16, in which the bellows for the. left, or accompanimentf side of the instrument is seenin section in Fig. Lfmd the "bellows both for the left and the right side meen in elevation in Eig. 16

without the pedals.

The construction of the bellows-action for -the left or accompaniment side is the du-v plicate ofY those 'forthe right, or melody side--the description of one will answer for the other.' A A Y The two bellows n., n', are arranged for operation on'opposite sides of. a connect-ing conductor-board, and are so connected to the same pedal that one bellows is expanded and the other is colla sed in every throw or movement of the poda The movable front board of' each bellows is hinged at the top 'in the usual way to the stationary backboard, which may forni onev sideor wall of the conductor-board, and the movable boards are connected at the bottomA to the pedal by a connecting-rod 77 and a bar 8l pivoted at 79 and S0, see Fig` 15. The pedal is fixed at an angle from the vertical, inclining backward upon the np er end of a rocking bar or standard 75 the ower end of which is provided with a bearing or pivotal point 76 in a base plate 76 and on this point the pedal is arranged to move in an arc under the alternate thrust and pressure exerted alternately by the toe and the heel of the foot.

The apertures 83 in each movable board f are covered by the usual flaps 83 that open as the bellows is collapsed, to )el the air, and close upon the apertures eac 1 time the bellows is expanded.

The apertures 85a in the stationar r boards 86a registering with apertures ofl tie sanie size in the conductor-board are controlled in the saine manner by other Flaps 85 excepting that the lower set of apertures in both sides are situated below the partitions v69 in the conductor-board are covered by a separate This is the construction followed when the channel in the condnctor-board is divided into separate passagesto connect separately -with different sets of exhaust-conducting passages g, h, one

for the power-pneumatics, vand the other to' actuate the iieum'atics of the intermediate valves as be ore described.

The bellows being separately connected in this manner to the right and left pedals are each doubleacting, vthat is one side is drawing on the condnctor-board channels as the-other is bei 0 collapsed to expel the air in both the forwar and the return throw of the pedal s, the effect 'of which is to obtain a owerful' exhausting action from a relative y slow motion of the pedal, and alsoa quick and delicate re spense and change in the degree of tension or exhaust force in the connecting passages between the conductor-board and the ex haust L comp artnients in the valve chests above to' the movements of the pedals. The ."conditions in the two sets of compartments and passages are thus brought under the control of the. performer to suoli an extent or degree that the tension existing in all those which are connected with the same set of bellows can be varied instantly'in a higher or lower degree with respect to the conditions obtaining in the other set of lpassa-ges by4 one.

A' note-sheet, and with the usual means'and devices for regulating and .varying thespeed .Y

of the'sheet to change the tempo of the piece being played; but as these attachments are already in use-and their construction well known, no detailed description or illustration of such .arts is considered necessary to a clear un erstanding of my present invention.

The parts and mechanism being thus 'constructed and combined theo eration of the instrument is as follows :-}l`he performer seated in front of the instrument sets up a condition of exhaust in all the passages and compartments that are connected with the two set-s of bellows m and n, by working the right and left edals. All the ducts in the tracker-board eing covered by the notesheet at that time, the dia hr'agms 253-28a of each set of valves 12 an 12a remain in a state of collapse, and the pneumatics 22 and 22*l of each set'of valves 13 and 13a are consequently deflated; so that the .two passages 23, 23a leading to the compartment 31 are open to the exhaust or suction in the common paage or channel 25and the pneumatic 6 is collapsed. Now if the duct communicating with the conductor 1,4 lug-uncovered, the atmosphere is admitted under thediaphrag-m 28; or if the other conductor 14a of the mech.

anisni belong to the same power-pneumatic be opened to the atmosphere by uncovering the duct to which that conduct-or is connected, the diaphragm 28a of the other valve the piece. 65.

12 will be inflated. In the o ne case it will be evident that. the deiiating valve 7-8 willA be operated and the power-pneumatic will be' connected with the exhaust produced by the right bellows ym through the melody-side of the valve-chest; while in the other case, the valve 7 C" 8a will put the samepower-pneumatic in communication with the exhaust as supplied from the left-bellows n through. the accompaniment-side of the chest. The notesheet therefore operates to select and place any note in action according to its. location in the composition, whether in the air or the harmony, while the performer by his con trol of the pneumatic power through the pedals varies the tension in-either or both sets of passages according to the requirements of Variations in the force and expression of sical instruments, of a power-pneumatic opnotes and passa escontained in the accompanimiit as wel as in the melody of the piece are produced at will by working the one pedal faster or slower than the other; or the' same tension may be produced at will in 70 both sets of passages where the composition calls for increased power asin playing runs,

chords and passages Vwhere a" considerable number of notes are struck at the same moment. y `75 Having thus fully described my invention` what Iclaim as new herein and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is. y

1. The combination with a striker for 1nu' sical instruments of a power-pneumatic oper- 30,

atingr the striker, two separate exhaustchambers, valve-mechanisms se arately controlling the communication ower-pneumatic and each exhaust-chamer, pneumat-ioally-operatedI means forseg5 lecting and actuating either of said valvernechanisms to put the power-pneumatic in communication with one or the other of said exhaust-chambers, and .means for varying at will the tension in either exhaustchamber above or below that in thclother exhaust-chamber. y

2. The combination v'with a striker for. mu-v sical instruments of apower peiiurnatic operating the striker, two separate exhaust chambers, valve mechanisms separately controlling communication between the powerpneumatic and each exhaust. chamber, pneumatically operated in eans for selecting-and actuating either of said valve mechanisms to put the power-pneumatic in communication with one or the other of said exhaust chambers, and exhaust means for varying at will the tension 'in either of said exhaustchambers abovel or below that in the other exhaust-chamber.

'3. The combination with a striker for mu sical instruments, of a power-pneumatic for operating the striker, two separate exhaust c ambers, valve mechanisms arranged to separately' control communication between the power-pneumatic and each voi` said eX-.

ioo

los

haust chambers, means in each of said cham-fv bers for operating said valves and a tracker board "and note sheet for controlling said valve mechanisms.

4. The combination with' a striker for musical instruments, of a power-pneumatic for o ei'ating the striker, two separate exhaust chambers, valve mechanisms arranged to se arately control communication between t e power-pneumatic and each of said exhaust... chambers, a tracker board and an independent set of valve mechanisms and means in each of said chambers for operating said valves controlled by said tracker board and a note sheet for operating said valve mechanismsi 5. The. combination with a striker for mul l l l means for selecting and actuating either of` said valve mechanisms independent of the other to deiiate the power pneumatic by pu ttiug it in communication with. encor the other o-said exhaust passages, whereby the power-pneumatic may be inde endently op y erated by either exhaust cham er or by both simultaneously.

6.v The con'ibiiiation with a striker for musical instruments, of a, power-pneumatic operating the striker, Vtwo separate'exhaust lchamb'ers, valve-mechanisms separately and inde pendently controlling communication -between the ower pneumatic and each exhaust cham er, pneumatically operated means for selecting and actuating either of said valve mechanisms independent of the other to deflate the poner-pneumatic by put ting it in communication with one ,or the other of said exhaust passages, and means in addition to the deating mechanism for automatically inllating the power-pneumatic after the. latter is cut oit from the exhaust, whereby the powerneuinatic may be inde# pendently operated y either exhaust chamer or by both simultaneously.

7. The combination with pneuniatically `operated key-actuating devices, of a tracker board tivo separate exhaust-clianibers, valvemechanisms controlled through said trackerboard and a note-sheet for selecting and put- A ting the key-actuating device of any note A throughout the register in communication with one exhaust chamber and the keynotuating device of any other note throughout the register in communication with the other exhaust chamber, and se arate means independently controlledby t ie performer for mcreasing or diminishing the tension iir either exhaust chamber without affecting the tension in the other exhaust chamber, Where-by the performer is enabled to accentuate by means of either exhaustchamber.

8. The combination with a series of keystrikers for a mechanical musical instrument, including a power-pneumatic to each striker operating by alternate detlations and inriations to actuate the strikers, of two separate exhaust chambers, valve mechanisms separately controlling communication between every power-pneumatic and said\ exhaust chambers, a. set of selecting valves o erating to connect any power-pneumatic in t ie series with. either one. of said exhaust chambers, andv pedal operated means for separately and independently varying the tension in either exhaust chamber at will above or below the tension existing in the other exhaust chamber, whereby the performer is enabled to ac- .centuate by means' of either exhaust chain- 9. ln a mechanical musical instrument a seriesof key-actuating devices each o erati-ng independently of all the other-s .uan earch including a power-pneumatic, of tivo separate deflating :meansvariabie as to tension,

trolling the communication ef the powerpneuinatics with either. of 'said deflating means, mtla'tuig valves controlling the com- `deilating valve mechanisms separately conmunication-of the power-pneumatics with the atmosphere, a tracker board means controlled by said tracker-board and a traveling noteesheet for selecting and operating one or the other of said della ting means, and pneu-- matically-actuated means controlled by both detlatiiig Avalve mechanisms for opening or closing the iii-Hating valves, vin, time with the movements of either deflating valve mechanism.

10. ln a mechanical musical instrument, pneumaticallyoperated key-actuating de vices, two separate exhaust-chambers, a be lows to each exhaust chamber, and means" for exhausting and controlling each bellowsel independently ot the other so that the tenv sion in ,one exhaust chamber can be i' creased or diminished Without aiecting the tension in the otherexhaust chamber.

1 1. T he combination with a series of pneumatically-actuated devices each adapted to operate a single sound-producing mec ranism in a musical instrument andl including ai power-pneumatic.operating the said ldevice y Ivariations in airpressure, of tivo separate exhaust. chambers, valves separately controlling the .communication between each exhaust-chamber and each of said power neumatics, and separate means indepen ently controlled by the performer for increasing orj diminishing the tension in either exhaust chamber without affecting the tension 1n the other exhaust chamber, whereby the performer is enabled to accentuate by means of either 'exhaust chamber.

12. ln a mechanical musical instrument, the combination with-key-actuating devices including power pnenmaties individual thereto, of a valve-chest having trio separate exhaust chambers, a separate channel to every power-pneumatic communicating with the atmosphere .through a. valve-controlled opening, apertures through which it commu. nicates separately with 'the said exhaust chambers, deiating'valves controlling the.

said apertures of communication, a tracker boardv means operated pneumatically through said tracker-board and traveling note-sheet for selecting and operating either Aone of the said deilating valves, and means simultaneously operating the veis-e that controls communication of the commonlchannel with the atmosphere.'

13. In a mechanical musical instrument, for kpci-fer-p'neul'natics vthe combination with key-actuating devices having-two separare exhsstechamhezsgtwo including" power pneumatics individual delating-'valves c eve-rv power-pneumatic thereto, of a valve-chest having two separate separately com communicstioniof .exhaust chambers, a separate channel to the pneumatic the ezine-ust chambers, 7.0 every powenpneumatic cormnunicating with an inflating-vaz e a each nowerpneurnatic, the atmosphere through a valve-controlled a tracl-:er board means cntrolled by' said evening, apertures 'through which it commutracker-board a note-sheet operating to v nites separatel?7 with the said exha-ustselect and essere eitherpf the deating- 104 chambers, deflating valves controlling the valves, means s the inflating valvev 75- said apertures'of communication, a tracker to open or ch same in time vrvitli the hoard. means voperated pneumatically.4 actuation of esteri deiating-valve, two through said tracker-board and traveling. sources of ten. n mi exhanstseparatelv c0nnotesheet f or selecting and operating either 'nected with im ehsnst chambers, and" '15 one of the Asaid deflatingvalves, and means separate Ineens tsen'dently controlled by 80 simultaneously operating the valve that conthe pei-forme;` vcre.as-ing or diminishing titels communication of the common-channel the tension in e :r exhsnst chamber With- Y the atmosphere, said means operating out affecting th' r en in 'the other exhaust to open or close the channel to the atmoschamber, vne`c a' *the performer-is enabled A phere when either of the deilating valves is to acntuare cir nf either exhaust 35 actuated. V chamber. e .A

y14. ln -amechanical musical instrument, 18. In a pnemaicallyfactuated musical Y combination of power-pneumatics and instrument hsvsninrslity of povfer-pneu hej-actuating devices, of two separate eX- matics and smul?- nincing devices operhanst chambers, including valves separatelyv ated thereby fura ster @i notes, a melody- 90 controlling the communication of each channel, an si. animent-channel, paspower pneumatic with the said exhaust sages separat ivldually connecting chambers, and separate Ameans independall the power-p icsthroughout the re eniy controlled by the performer for `inister with ther a valve control s 36 creasing or diminishing the tension in either ling commun-ics. h'tvreen each' power- 95- exhaust chamber Without ali'ecting thel tenpneumatic and i `frchannel a second sien in theother exhaust chamber, whereby valve separat 'i communication tine performer is enabled to accentuate by between each p ratio and the ac ineens of either exhaust chamber. 'i compartiment -c p eum'atically con# 15. A valve-chest for povfer-pneumatics a plurality of channels each individnai to a power-pneumatic, tivo separate exe and means fer: e

' chambers, a' deiating-valve to eac-h ratei)v of the et rhanst'chamber, separately controlling the speed toproduc 40 communication of the power pneumatic with ing conditions the corresponding exhaust-chamber, pneu- .ditions in the :7.a maiically actuated means for separately op- @rating the dei'iating' valves, intermediate instrument ha valves controlling said valve-operating matics and scm an inilating-valve to each powerated ther-cbj:

v ;euniatic, means for selecting and operate melodyhannel, and

\ ...g said deriating valves and also operating nel passages sepa.-

"\ tile inlating valve. @Mieming all the c i6; A valve-chest- -for power pneumatics poWer-pneurn A -out the register a plurality ol' channels each individwith the c *me a valve controlling 115 nal to a power-pneumatic, two separate exf 'lfh OWr-pneu haast-chambers, a deiiating valve to each vhanne a second cineast chamber, separately controlling the valve'separat lvm-1' communication communication ofthe power-pneumatic With between each Lrmatic and the acthe corresponding exhaust chamber, pneucompartiments pneumatresell.;v lcon- -120 statically actuated means for separately optrolled selec*E ating devices to erstirff the detlating valves, intermediate each valve, tn's to each chanting one bellows and at varying ratesA vrs to each channel @ne bellows sepali at varying ratesvof A dy-channel varyr or belowv the coz1- 105 ent channel.

iv of power-pneu- @my devices opervalves controlling said valve-operating nel and meen. rnesns, an in'lating-valve to each powerseparately of t eumatic, means for selecting and operatof speed to said delating valves, andtalso operating varying conm l inrlating-valve, and means fon increasing beloav the ee r-.

@fr reducing the degree of tension irrether exchannel.

ens: an either above or `accornpammentngdevices tocach 10d of notes, a challe nielodjchannel' 125' Y Ernst chamber either above or below thecon- 2t). In a rsctuated musical Y 55 virions existing in the other exhaust chamber. instrument hat a of pon'ei--p'ieiIIt 130.

`matics and sound producing devices operchannel, an accompaniment-ch nnel, passages separately and individually/connecting all .the power-pnenniatics., throughout, the

register with the said channels, an inflating'- ,valve to each power-pneumatic, a valve controllingcomnnmeation between each powerpneumatic and the melody channel, a second valve separately controlling communication between each power-pneumatic and the accompaniment cliannei, pneumatically controlled selecting and actuating Ldevices to each valve, an exhaust-bellows to each channel and means for operating one bellows separately ofthe other at varying rates of speed to produce in the melody-channel varying conditions of tension either aboveor below the conditions in the 'accompanimentchannel. l,

2l. In a pneumatically-actuated musical instrument having a plurality of power-pneuinatics and sound-producing devices operated thereby for a register of notes, a channel-board containing a nielotl}-*-cliannel,\iind an accom animent-channel, passages separately an individually connecting all the poWer-pneninstics throughout the register with the said channels, an inilati'ng-valvc to each power-pneumatic, a valve controlling communication between each power-pneumatic and the melod)- channel, a second valve separately controlling communication between each power-pneumatic and the accompaniment-channel, pneumatically controlled selecting and actuating devices to each valve, an exhaust-bellows to each channel and means or operating one bellows separately of the other and at varyin rates of speed to produce in the melody-c annel varying conditions or' ension either above or below the conditions in the accompaniment-y channel.

22. In a pneunistically-actuated musical instrument, a nluraiitj: of power-pneumatics and sound-prniucing devices operated thoreby ior a register si notes, a melody-channel, and an acccrapsnirnent-channel, passages separatelyv and individually connecting all the power-pnenniatics throughout the revister with the said channels, pneumaticallyactuated in operating to separately connect, cach perra-pneumatic with the said channels, a tracker hoard means controlled through said tracker-hoard and a note-sheet for selecting and bringing into action either of said conne-:ring means with respect to any Anote in the register to connect the powerpneumatic or anat note with either the nielody-chaimel or the accompaniment-Chamid, andl means Cantrell-ed bvfthe performer for varyinv the tension or degree of exhaust either c annel separately and either above or below the tension in the other channel-.r

23. In Aa pneuniatically-actuated musical instrument, a plurality of power-pneuinatics and .sound-producingidevices operated thereby for a register of notes, a channel-board containing a melody-channel, and an accomaniment-channel, passages separately and individually connecting all the power-pneumatics throughout the register with the said channels, pneuiiiatically-actuated means operating to separately connect each powerneumatic with the said channels, a tracker oard means controlled through said trackerboard and a note-sheet for selecting and bringing into action either of saidconnecting means with respect to any note in thel revister to connect the power-pneumatic of t'iatnote with either the melody-channel or the accompaniment channel, and means controlled b f the performer for varying the tension or egrce of exhaust in either channel separately and either above or below the. ten'- sion in the other channel.

24. In a pneumatically-actuated musical instrument, a pluralityr of power-pneuinatics and sound-producing devices operated thereby for a register of notes, a melody-channel, and an accompaniinent-channel, passages separately and individually connecting all the power-pneumatics throughout the revisfter with thc said channels, an inflating-va ve to 'every power-pneumatic, pneumaticallyactuated means operating to separately conneet each power-pneumatic with t-he said channel, a tracker board means controlled. through ,said tracker-board and a note-sheet` .for 'selecting and bringing into action either of said connecting means with respect. to any note in the register to connect the powerpneumatic of that note with either the ni'elody-channel or the accompaniinent-channel, and means controlled by the performer for varyin the tension or degree of exhaust in either c annel separately and either above or below the tension in the other channel.

ico

25. In 'a pneumatically-actuatcd musical instrument, a plurality of power-pneumatica and sound-producing devices operated thereby for a register of notes, a channel-board.

containing a melody-channel, and an accompaniment-channel, passages separately and.

individually connecting all the power-pneumatics throughout the register with the. said channels, an uiiating-valve to every powerpneuinatic,- pneumatic-ally actuated means operating to separately connect each power- `pneuniatic'with the said channels, a tracker oard means controlled through said trackerboard and a note-sheet for selecting and 'iis' bringing into action either of said connecting means with respect to any noto in the re ister to connect the power-pneumatic of t at note with either the melody-channel or the accompaniment channel, and -ineans 'convtrolled bjr the: performer for'varying tl e' tenselect-ing and operating the valve of one exhaustchamber separately of the valve of the other exhaust chamber.

27. A valve-chest for powerneumaticsl having two separate exhaust c ambers of varying degrees of tension, a channel for' every power-pneumatic throuvh which the power-pneumatic is connectible with either exhaust chamber, delating-valves separately controlling such connection, an inflatingvalve in said channel having a controlling valve, pneumatically actuated means for selecting and operating the valve of one exhaust chamber separately of the valve of the other exhaust-chamber and means for opening and closing the inating Valve in unison with the movements of either deilatingvalve.

'28. The combination ofa power neumatic and striker, two, separate ex aust chambers and valve mechanlsm arranged to separately control communication between the. power-pneumatic and each of said exhaust chambers, and a pneumatic in each of said exhaust chambers arranged to control said valve mechanism.

29. The combination of a power neumatic and striker, two separate ex ia'ust chambers, valve mechanism arranged to separately control communication between the power iieumatic and each of said ex- ,haust cham ers, means in each of said chambers for operating said valves a storage bellows for each exhaust chamber and indeieiident exhaust meclianism for cach storage ellows.

30. The combination of a power neumatic and striker, two separate ex aust chambers, valve mechanism,arranged to separately control communication between.

the power pneumatic and each of said exhaust chambers, a channel communicating with one exhaust chamber, a sc aratc channel connected with the other ex iaust chamber, a bellows for each of said channels, and independent exhaust mechanism for each bellows.

3l. The combination f a pneumatic and striker, two separate exhaust chambers, a channel connect-ingr both said exhaust chambers with said pneumatic, valves in said channel controlling communication betweensaid pneumatic and each of said exhaust ex austing air from ssi-'l chambers, and pneumstics in each of said ex.

haust. chambers arranged to control said valves.

32. The combinatie-n of a pneumatic and striker, two separate exhaust chambers, 4a channel connectin bers with said striker pneumatic, valvesrin said vchannel cont-roll'ig communication be-..

tween said striker pnenmaticand with each of said exhaust Chamb-:- s. means within said chambers for actuating said valves an inflating valve arran ved to .admit air into said conactuating said-inflat jv valve.

33. The combinacin with a (plurallli'tyot wit sepapower neumatics eaen connecte rate ex aust chambers saidA exhaust chambers extending horizontally lengthwise ofthe re ister and passing eer-,h other, means for exhaust chambers, a valve chamber interpt `ed between each of said exhaust chambers :and the said means of '-'70 beth said exhaust' cham? -necting channe and nneuniatic Vmeans for exhaust, and a valve in each of said valve chambers adapted to caintrol communication between such exhaust chamber and the said f means of exha'ust and means under the con trol of the operator for :accurately ladjusting the relation of exhaust im the exhaust chambers.

34. The combinatie@ with a plurality of power pneumatics each icoimecte independ.-

ently with separate er-rbaust chambers, said exhaust chambers extending horizontall lengthwise of the regis* r an( assing eac other, means for exhausting air rom said exhaust chambers, a valere chamber interposedl between each of said exhaust chambers and the said means of exhaust, and a valve in Y each of said valve chambers adapted to control communication benveen such exhaustchamber and the said means of exhaust and means for accurately :adiusting the relation. of exhaust in the exhaust chambers, said means being under this 'control of the operator.

35. A pneumatic mentor for an automat-ieor mechanical musical Instrument or player; a plurality of exhaust port-s in communication with said motor. separate controlling valves for the chamber for eac pori:

the several exhaustchambers having4 differ;

orts: a separate exhaust nr air tensions; and means for operating :sind valvesindependf. entlv.

ports in communicalayer; a pneumatic motor' a plurality of ex-- aust ports in communication with said motor; separate controlling valves for said orts; an inlet Jfor mfiatlng the motor, the

inlet having a valve normally open, and op-v erative for ingress of air only when the haust' ports arevall closed; a separate air-' chamber for each exhaust port, the several air-chambers having different `air tensions; and means operatedby a pneumatic tracker and perforated music-sheet,` for operating the exhaust port Avalves singly or in combimore exhaust ports in communication with the motor; a se arate air-chamber for eachport, the severa chambers having air of different tensions; valves for all the ports; and

means for operating the valves, singly or in combination,

40, In an automatic or mechanical musical instrument or player, a pneumatic motor; a tracker having a groupo apertures for controlling/a motor for operating a single soundroducing device; 'each of the a ertures havlng an independent air-channe with means for operating the motor; a plurality of inde.-

pendent air-chambers the means controlledV y one of the group of apertures operating the motor with air-exhaust of one tension;

and the means controlled b v another of the group of a ertures, for operating the motor With'air-ex aust of a different tension.

41 The combination of a pneumatic, independent valves controlling said pneumatic, a tracker-board and a single rocking valve controlled by said tracker-board and automatically alternately opening and closing ports communicating with the pneumatic.

' 42. The combination of a pneumaticfindependent valves controlling said pneumatic, a tracker-board and a valve controlled by said tracker-board and automatically alternately 'controlling `ports communicating With the pneumatic.

43. A pneumatic motor for au automatic or mechanical musical instrument or player, a plurality of exhaust ports in communication, with said motor, separate controlling valves for the ports, a separate exhaust chamber for each port, the several exhaust chambers having differentA air tensions,

means for operating the valves independently, a reservoir. for each exhaust. chamber, and exhausters for said reservoirs.

` 4A. The combination with a strikerfor musical instruments, of a power-pneumatic for operating the striker, two separate exhaust chambers, separate mechanisms arranged to control communication between the power neumatic and each of the exhaustcham ers respectively, and means for operating said mechanisms.

`45. The combination l`with a striker for musical instruments, of a power-pneumatic for operating the striker, a plurality of exhaust ychambers each containing a valve mechanism for said power pneumatic t0 cause the powerv meumatic to be operated from either of sai chambers.

4.6. The combination of a pneumatic with a port leading therefrom, and a plurality of ports communicating therewith, valves controlling the last-mentioned ports, and a valve interposed between the first mentioned ort and the other ports and automatically a ternately opening communication between the first-mentioned port and one of the other ports and simultaneously closing communication with the other and a tracker-board controlling said valve.

47. In a device of the character described, the combination of a main pneumatic, a tracker board provided with separate ducts for controlling theme'notes and accompaninient notes distinctively as such, and intermediate actuating devices connected with said main pneumatic and with said separate ducts, separate expression boxes for controlling the loudness of the theme notes and of the accompaniment notes distinctively as such, and means controllable at will for gradually changing the condition of said expression boxes independently of cach other.

48. In an apparatus of the character de.4

scribed, the combination of a main pneumatic, separate mechanisms connected there- With for causing the. same to strike a theme note or an accompaniment note distinctively as such, separate expression boxes connected With said mechanisms respectively, and means controllable at Willfor gradually opening and closing said expression boxes independently of each other, so as to vary theY expression of the note struck.

49. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a main pneumatic, separate mechanisms connected therewith for causing said main pneumatic to strike a theme note or an accompaniment*- as to act selectively 'upon the separate ducts i device, for

ing adapted to control an accompaniment' the combination 4of meansyjorA striking the theme notes and the accompaniment notes distinctively as such, independently of the relative position thereof in the relative position thereof in the musical scale. i

gree of exhaust of saidexliaust 1 or changing at will the coiiditionof said duct of each ment note distinctively as such, a pair o the combination of .striking the theme notes and the accompanimusical scale,

and means, controllable at will while the de# 'vice is in action, for gradually changing the expression of said accom animent notes as a whole, inde endently osaid theme notes, so as to give the operator complete control, at all tim, over the volume of sound of said accompaniment notes independently of the 52. In a device of the character described,

i -the combination of a tracker board, pneu-A 'matic connections extending therefrom and' suitably disposed for governing the sounding of theme notes andv accompaniment notes distinctively as-sucli, independently of the relative position of said notes in the musicall scale, an variable tension devices separately connected with different groups of said pneumatic connectinns and controllable at Will independently of each other during the operation of the device, for governing the relative A expression of the theme notes and the accompaniment notes independently of the relativepositioii thereof in the musical scale. 53. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a tracker board provided with ducts' arranged in pairs, one

' pair serving a theme note'and the other duct thereof serving an accom anirineumatics connected with said diiits divi ually, a pair of secondary pneumatics connected individually with said primary pneumatics and controllable thereby independently of each other, exhausU boxes provided trolled by said secondary, pneumatics respectively, a pair of expression boxes which respectively and independeiitlycontrol the deboxe's, iiieaiis expression boxes, independently of each other, during the pneumtic, either of said exhaust boxes and through the same with either of said expression boxes respectively, so as t0 be controllable therebv.

mary

with valves cona' device of the character described, means for selectively me'nt notes distinctively as such, independivill during the operation of tbelthe said a pair of separate playing of the music, and a main arranged to be connected withV of said notes relatively musical scale, and sep-l theme notes and of said accompaniment notes, as such,

55. In a device of the character described the combination vof a tracker board provide with separate ducts for controlling theme and accompaniment notes as su'ch, iride endently' of the relative positions occupie by said notes in the musical scale, a music sheet provided With perforaticns so disposed as to act selectively as between said theme ducts and o erated mechanisms, vcontrollable at will W'Ihile 'the device 'is in action, for gradually changing, independently of each other, thev expression of said theme notes as a whole and of said accompaniment notes as a whole.

independently of each other.

56." In a device of the character described,

the combination of a tracker board, provided with a pair of ducts, separate pneumatic coniiections extending from the respective ducts of said pair to two separate primary pneumatics, se

nected wit said primary pneumatics respectively, separate exhaust boxes provided with puppet valves controlled by-said secondary pneumat-ics, a main pneumatic controlled by uppet valves and operated by said exhaust oxes, and means controllable at arate secondary pneumatics con-.

'ssi

will whiler the device is in action for varying. .l

the tension of said separate exhaust boxes independently of each other.

ioo Y 57. In a device of the' character described, .i i

thc"combinat ion of mechanism for striking notes on a musical instrument, separate eX-' pression boxes connected with said mechaii ismf and rovided with connections for' controlling tiie volume of sound of said notes as theme notes or as accompaniment notes respectively independently of the relative posi-- tion of said notes in the musical-scale, and se arate mechanisms each controllable manuaIlly while the device is in action for varying e at will the respective conditions of said expression boxes inde endently of each other. 1 58. 'In a device o the character described, the combination of a main pneumatic, a pair of separate secondary iieuiiia'tics connected..4 therewith, and adapte( respectively to cause said iiiaiii pneumatic to strike a themev note or an accompaniment note distinctively as such, and mechanism coiiinionto both 'of said secondary piieiiiiiatics and actuated by I sheet provided with perforations disposed selectively with qreference 139 A 80 said accompaniment ducts, and iiianlua-lly i. to the individual'ducts' of a pair, primary pneumatics disposed ip pairs, and each connected with a single duct, secondary pneumatics disposed 1n pairs and each connected with a primary pneumatic, separate exhaust chambers, and .separate mechanisms, oo ntrollable independently oi each other while the apparatus is in action, for varying at will the air pressure of the respective exhaust.

serving a single note, a music sheet provided with perforations disposed' selectively withy reference to the individual ducts of apair, a

pair'of exhaust boxes, a pair of expression boxes, and separate manually operated mechanisms for varyin at will the an' pressure of either of said ex aust boxes of a pair independently of the other exhaust box oV a air. p 61. (in an apparatus of the character describe ,.the combination of a tracker board having lducts disposed in paire, each pair serving-a single note, a music sheet provided with periorationsl disposed selectively with referenceltcgjthe individual ducts of a pair, primary pneumatics disposed in pairs, and each connectcdwith a single duct, secondary pneuniat-ics l. isppsed in pairs and each connected with a rimary pneumatic, exhaust boxes each capaililepf being connected with a main strikin pneumatic, andv Vmeans for varying at wi l while the apparatus is in action the air pressure of said exhaust boxes independntly of each other. I

62. In anapparatusof the character described,'the combination of a tracker board rovided with ducts arranged in pairs, one

uct of each pair serving a theme note, and

the other serving an accompanimentnote,

distinctively as such, primar pneumatics connected with -said ducts individually, and controllable thereby independently of\each other, a plurality of usecondary pneuinatics connecte( separately with said pneuniatics, a pluralit7 of exhaust oxes, a plurality of puppet valves, operated by said secondary neuinatics, and means 'controllable at will) while the device is in action for changinfr the tension of said exhaust boxes independently' of each other.. and a single main pneumatic connected separately by the operation of said puppet valves with one or the other of said exhaust boxes, and controlled independently thereby, for striking a theme note or an accompaniment note distinctively as such.

63. In a device of the character described, the combination of means for' selectively striking the theme notes and the accompaniment notes distinctively as such, independently of the relative position of said notes in the musical scale, and means for varying at riniary c,

will while the music is bein'g played, the volunie expression of said .theme notes as a Whole and said accom animentnotes as a' whole, inde endent-ly o each other.A

- 64. In a c evice of the character described, the combination of a main pneumatic for' striking a note, a. pair of separate auxiliary pneumatic-S connected with said main pneumatic for deiiating the same, and a valve connected with both ofsaid auxiliary pneumatics and free to be actuated by either Qof ,themior iniating said lmain pneumatic. .65. In a device of the character described,

the combination of a main pneumatic Ifor strikingA a note, a pair of auxiliary'pneumatics connected with said' main pneumatic for separately actuating the same one direction of its movement, asingle valve for actuating said main pneumatic in the' other direction of its movement,.and a connection from said single valve to said auxiliary pneumatics.

66. 'In a device of the character described,

the combination of a main pneumatic, auxillary pneumaticsv connected therewith for separately delating the same, a member common to both of said auxiliary pneumatica Jfor inflating said main-pneumatic, and means for connecting the said auxiliary pneumatics with said membeni 67. In an automatic playing attachment for musical instruments, the combination of a main pneumatic and a tracker board hav-l, ing two channels for controlling said .pneu-"i,

matic, connections whereby one of said chanwith a divided pxneumatic chamber, of theindependent trun s connected thereto and hav- '.10 nels eHects the operation of the main pneumatic under low, tension and coimectionszV ing orifices, suitable controlling valves for the i orifices, and independent exhaust reservoirs communicating with each trunk,` and exhausters for each reservoir, and means for operating the exhauster's as and for the purpose s ei itied.

70. n .i piano player, thewombination with a divided pneumatic chainberfof the independent trunks connected thereto@ and. having orifices, suitable controlling valves for the oriiices, and independent exhaust res-gervoirs communicating with each trunk, and 

